A Financial
Times investigation exposed a secret Russian program, codenamed C430L, that
began in 2023 to help Iran develop ramjet-powered supersonic cruise missiles
for anti-ship and land attacks.
The effort involved engineers from NPO Mashinostroyenia, technical data on fuel and engines from Rosoboronexport, and continued into 2026 with plans for more phases.
The report surfaced as Putin met Iran's Pezeshkian at a summit in Bishkek, where both leaders affirmed their partnership against US actions, raising concerns over threats to US naval forces in the Middle East.